One of the fundamental challenges in public law is balancing state authority with the right to protest and citizen oversight, preserving public order while preventing citizens from becoming “passive spectators of power.” The Alawi model, often conveyed as ethical guidance, has rarely been revisited as a normative framework for designing protest rights and citizen oversight in modern legal systems. article focuses on the governance of Imam Ali and the texts of Nahj al-Balagha, showing that the right to protest and active citizen oversight is integral to Alawi political justice. It examines the normative foundations and limits of protest and oversight in Ali’s governance and their relation to modern mechanisms, including public litigation, freedom of critical expression, complaints against officials, and citizen-centered oversight bodies. Using an analytical approach, the study revisits concepts such as enjoining good and forbidding wrong, advising the ruler, and officials’ accountability, comparing them with constitutional and human rights frameworks. Findings reveal interrelated layers: the right to have protests heard, the right to non-violent criticism of the ruler, and the right to participate in oversight of officials. The article proposes a “dignity-centered citizen oversight” model, offering a framework for reconsidering protest rights and officials’ accountability in legal systems.