https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/ Ayeen Alavi en daily 1 Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_832.html Cognitive warfare is one of the most critical components of hybrid warfare in the modern era, aimed at manipulating perception, analysis, and decision-making processes of target audiences. Islamic sources—particularly Nahj al-Balaghah—contain numerous instances of responses to such cognitive threats. This study, focusing on the sermons of Nahj al-Balaghah, employs thematic analysis to identify and explain the cognitive strategies employed by Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in confronting political deception, historical distortion, and the engineering of public opinion. The findings reveal that Imam Ali (PBUH) utilized strategies such as exposing hypocrisy, reconstructing accurate historical narratives, critiquing power structures founded on deceit, and raising public awareness about fallacious arguments. Furthermore, critical rereading of history, revealing the mechanisms of power-driven deception, the use of an expositional and unmasking discourse, and the decoding of enemy psychological operations are among Imam Ali’s key methods for unveiling historical and political distortions. The findings of this study indicate that Imam Ali (PBUH), in Nahj al-Balaghah, demonstrates a profound understanding of cognitive warfare. Through methods such as disclosure, critical analysis, historical reconstruction, and the awakening of public consciousness, he presents an inspiring model for confronting contemporary cognitive threats. Imam Ali’s (PBUH) cognitive strategies in countering distortion and... https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_830.html The concept of "citizenship" is one of the fundamental concepts in the political system of Islam.Although this concept is widely present in Islamic teachings,especially in the words of Imam Ali,it has yet to establish its rightful place in modern political and social thought.The rights of citizens,as mentioned in the words of Imam Ali(peace be upon him) in Nahj al-Balagha,manifest in all areas of knowledge,economy,politics, culture, and society. It is obligatory for the Islamic ruler to strive to achieve citizens' rights as a prerequisite for comprehensive progress toward the desired material and spiritual development.These rights are presented in exchange for accepting the authority and sovereignty of the Islamic state over its citizens. Furthermore,citizens also have duties towards the Islamic state and the ruling system. The relationship between the ruler and the citizen is a two-way, interactive one; an aspect that distinguishes the citizenship rights system in Western and liberal systems from the citizenship rights system in the Islamic political system. This study, using descriptive and analytical methods and based on the teachings of Imam Ali (peace be upon him)in Nahj al-Balagha,aims to familiarize citizens with their rights and duties and examines the rights and duties of citizens in an Islamic society. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_907.html The present study seeks, through an interdisciplinary approach, to draw on the capacities of mystical and philosophical-theological texts for a deeper understanding of hadith. The necessity of this research arises from the urgent need to reread the hadith legacy with modern tools and to move beyond one-dimensional approaches in hadith jurisprudence, which can significantly enrich contemporary hadith studies. The main aim of this article is a comparative and content-based analysis of narrations related to the concept of "reason" in Nahj al-Balaghah and Rumi’s Masnavi, in order to clarify how hadith themes are employed within two different intellectual contexts (Imami wisdom and theoretical-practical mysticism). Using qualitative and comparative content analysis, this research examines the semantic and functional dimensions of statements concerning reason in the aforementioned texts. The findings indicate that Nahj al-Balaghah presents reason as the inner proof and a religious measure, whose main functions lie in epistemology, moral guidance, and socio-political insight; whereas the Masnavi describes reason in two realms: the "partial reason" (instrumental and pragmatic) and the "universal reason" (connected to the Divine and intuitive), emphasizing the transcendence from the former to the latter through love. This study demonstrates that the Prophetic and Imamic hadiths have been not only https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_834.html در جوامع معاصر، ضعف یا ناکارآمدی مهارت‌های گفتاری والدین در تعامل با فرزندان نوجوان، از عوامل اصلی بروز بحران‌های خانوادگی و اختلال در فرآیند تربیت تلقی می‌شود. دوره‌ی نوجوانی، به‌عنوان مرحله‌ای حساس در شکل‌گیری هویت فردی و اجتماعی، مستلزم الگوهای ارتباطی سنجیده و مبتنی بر اصول اخلاقی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل سبک‌های گفتاری در نهج‌البلاغه و تبیین نقش آن‌ها در بهبود مهارت‌های ارتباطی والدین در تعامل با نوجوانان است روش پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و بر پایه استخراج و تحلیل گزاره‌های مرتبط با حوزه سبک‌های گفتاری، با تمرکز بر کلیدواژه‌های همچون لین، غضب، قول، غیظ، صمت، لسان، صدق و کذب از متون اسلامی، به ویژه نهج‌البلاغه، استوار است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد نهج‌البلاغه با نگاهی ایجابی و ظرفیت‌محور، نوجوانی را دوره‌ای مستعد رشد اخلاقی و تربیتی می‌داند و بر ویژگی‌هایی مانند آمادگی برای هدایت‌پذیری، پاکی نفس و پیشتازی در پذیرش فضایل اخلاقی تأکید می‌کند. یافته‌های تحقیق چهار اصل گفتاری را برای بهبود ارتباط والدین و نوجوانان تبیین می‌کند: نخست، اصل نرم‌خویی به عنوان مبنایی برای تعاملات مؤثر کلامی؛ دوم، اصل مشارکت دادن نوجوان در تصمیم‌گیری‌ها برای تقویت حس مسئولیت‌پذیری؛ سوم، اصل صداقت در کلام؛ چهارم، اصل سکوت موقت در لحظات خشم و پنجم، پرهیز از اظهارات نا آگاهانه. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_831.html In Islamic thought, women have consistently been recognized as beings endowed with inherent dignity and entrusted with diverse social responsibilities. Nahj al-Balagha, one of the most influential intellectual and ethical sources within the Shi‘a tradition, provides significant insights into the status and role of women. This study aims to explore the concepts of human dignity and women’s social responsibility in Nahj al-Balagha through a descriptive–analytical approach. The findings indicate that Imam Ali (peace be upon him) affirms women’s possession of human dignity, which is not only intrinsic but also capable of being elevated through acquired virtues. Within sermons, aphorisms, and letters, women are described as a “divine trust,” the “flower of existence,” and “the best of creation,” reflecting their honored position in the spiritual and social order. Furthermore, women’s social responsibility is emphasized in multiple domains: within the family, as guardians of moral values and managers of economic affairs; within society, as active participants in communal life; and in relation to God, as conveyors of religious teachings. These responsibilities are presented as essential for maintaining social cohesion and fostering spiritual growth. The study concludes that Nahj al-Balagha offers a balanced portrayal of women, highlighting the simultaneity of human dignity and https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_908.html The present study is designed to provide a critical examination of the most significant thematic dictionaries of Nahj al-Balaghah. As one of the fundamental tools in Nahj al-Balaghah studies, thematic dictionaries play a crucial role in facilitating researchers’ access to the themes and teachings of this text. This article introduces and criticizes three prominent works: al-Dalil ʿala Mawḍuʿat Nahj al-Balaghah by Ali Ansarian (1972), Taṣnif Nahj al-Balaghah by Labib Baydoun (1986), and al-Muʿjam al-Mawḍuʿi li-Nahj al-Balaghah by Owais Karim Muhammad (1987). The findings indicate that although these works represent valuable and pioneering efforts in the thematic classification of Nahj al-Balaghah, they suffer from certain shortcomings, including the lack of comprehensive survey, the absence of scholarly indexing, mere reliance on terms, and insufficient attention to content-based analysis. In contrast, the last work, al-Muʿjam al-Mawḍuʿi, has a more prominent position among similar works due to the comprehensiveness of its thematic entries, precision in text selection, and its emphasis on systematic indexing. This review suggests that future researcher in this field requires the integration of traditional methods of textual investigation with modern approaches to content analysis and scientific indexing in order to produce a comprehensive and efficient thematic dictionary for researchers. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_906.html This study examines the prevention of corruption and official misconduct within Alawite thought and explores the possibility of aligning it with organizational criminology. The central research question is whether a coherent and systematic preventive model for curbing administrative corruption can be identified in the governance practice of Imam Ali, and whether such a model is compatible with contemporary criminological approaches, particularly those advanced in organizational criminology. The significance of this inquiry lies in the recognition that purely punitive policies are insufficient to address structural and network-based forms of corruption, thereby underscoring the growing need for preventive and structurally oriented strategies. The research adopts a descriptive–analytical methodology grounded in documentary analysis of juristic, historical, and legal sources. It also employs an interdisciplinary approach by integrating insights from organizational criminology and Islamic governance studies to enable a comparative analytical framework. The data are derived from the texts of Nahj al-Balagha, the administrative practice of Imam Ali, and contemporary criminological literature, and are examined through conceptual analysis. The findings indicate that Alid thought encompasses a multi-layered preventive system, including merit-based selection of officials, continuous oversight and structural accountability, and the Ta’zir of ethical self-regulation grounded in piety. Furthermore, mechanisms such as administrative transparency, https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_909.html Judicial independence, in contemporary public law, is more related to the capacity of courts to adjudicate impartially and equitably before litigants than to the organizational status of the judiciary. The Alavi biography contains a treasure trove of precise teachings on "equality in judgment"; teachings that, if they go beyond the textual and moral horizon, have the potential to be formulated as an independent normative theory to explain judicial independence. Using the method of "text-based normative reconstruction", the present article first analyzes the letters and judicial reports quoted from Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (AS) in terms of their legal implications on the independence and impartiality of the court. It then reformulates and compares these implications in light of contemporary public law literature on judicial independence, fair trial, and court impartiality. The main finding of the research is that a theory called "equal justice" can be extracted from the Alavi tradition, in which judicial independence is understood not simply as an institutional separation from other powers, but as the court's commitment to four normative pillars: Formal equality between the parties to the lawsuit, prohibition of any preference based on power and social status, equality in the possibility of defending and being heard . https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_910.html This research aimed to uncover the latent educational system embedded in Letter 31 of Nahj al-Balagha for application in the modern world. It employed the qualitative six-stage thematic analysis method of Braun and Clarke. The full text of the letter in Mohammad Dashti’s Persian translation was selected the sole unit of analysis. Through line-by-line coding, 105 initial codes were extracted, comprehensively covering 100% of the text without omission or imposition of preconceived assumptions. The findings revealed that Letter 31 contains four coherent main themes: (1) the transience of existence and the swiftness of death, (2) purification of the heart and training of the soul, (3) benevolence-oriented ethics and the Alawite Golden Rule, and (4) practical monotheism and a loving relationship with the All-Merciful Lord. After extensive refinement, these four themes formed a dynamic, cyclical, four-layered educational system. This system begins with awareness of transience and the hastening of death as a catalyst, reaches its climax in the purification of the heart and training of the soul , extends into the social sphere through benevolence-oriented ethics and the Alawite Golden Rule , and ultimately achieves perfection in practical monotheism and a loving relationship with the All-Merciful God, returning to its origin. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_911.html One of the fundamental challenges in public law is balancing state authority with the right to protest and citizen oversight, preserving public order while preventing citizens from becoming “passive spectators of power.” The Alawi model, often conveyed as ethical guidance, has rarely been revisited as a normative framework for designing protest rights and citizen oversight in modern legal systems. article focuses on the governance of Imam Ali and the texts of Nahj al-Balagha, showing that the right to protest and active citizen oversight is integral to Alawi political justice. It examines the normative foundations and limits of protest and oversight in Ali’s governance and their relation to modern mechanisms, including public litigation, freedom of critical expression, complaints against officials, and citizen-centered oversight bodies. Using an analytical approach, the study revisits concepts such as enjoining good and forbidding wrong, advising the ruler, and officials’ accountability, comparing them with constitutional and human rights frameworks. Findings reveal interrelated layers: the right to have protests heard, the right to non-violent criticism of the ruler, and the right to participate in oversight of officials. The article proposes a “dignity-centered citizen oversight” model, offering a framework for reconsidering protest rights and officials’ accountability in legal systems. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_912.html The present paper analyzes the paradigm of resistance theology in the realm of governorship on the basis of Nahj al-Balaghah. The studies show that, in the field of resistance theology, the practical tradition of the Commander of the Faithful (a) as the brilliant governor in Islamic society is based on two principles, self-resistance and other-resistance, which on the one hand by inviting leaders as senior managers in a society and on the other hand calling for people to patience and resistance is recommended as the most important fundamental component of governing and statesmanship and has been analyzed as a theoretical-theological framework in this article. The approach of research is qualitative and is based on contextual analysis of Nahj al-Balaghah which ends up to discover the strategic functions of resistance theology in planning of governorship systems.  The results indicate paradigm of resistance theology, with emphasis on resistance and persistence of the structures of administration and people in a society, leads the power and governorship towards systematic persistence and institutional resistance; as resistance, in lieu of a critical variable in confrontation with outer and inner crises, fortifies political constancy and legitimacy of governorship. The achieved result is to re-create a modern paradigm in governorship which emphasizes on defining again the relations between resistance and power in the realm of governorship and while composing the theological and political principles, presents practical strategies to settle a justice-centered and ethical governorship. At the end, resistance theology is suggested as a theoretical basis and a guideline for development of massive policy-makings in Islamic statesmanship https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_913.html Abstract Jihad al-Tabyin (the Jihad of Clarification) is an intellectual form of jihad with foundational status in the Quran and narrations of the Infallibles (AS). It elucidates core theological and anthropological truths, as demonstrated in the verse: "And remember the favor of Allah upon you" (Quran This duty is entrusted to the prophets and their rightful successors. Centered on promoting divine knowledge, this non-violent endeavor—unlike military jihad—incurs no casualties. It fosters societal peace, stability, and order by elevating public awareness. Consequently, its expansion correlates with scientific advancement and social tranquility (Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, This research systematically examines the doctrinal status and practical methods for actualizing Jihad al-Tabyin in contemporary Islamic society through the definitive lens of Imam Ali's (AS) teachings in Nahj al-Balagha. While its roots are in prophetic tradition, its formal modern research framework originates from the Supreme Leader's explicit emphasis, defining it as "a definite and urgent obligation" A significant research gap persists in systematically extracting its methodology from this text Therefore, this study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology using library sources. It aims to first elucidate and systematize its conceptual status, and then delineate actionable operational models of Jihad al-Tabyin from Imam Ali's (AS) viewpoint in Nahj al-Balagha. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_914.html تفکر واندیشه مثبت برروی سلامتی وآسایش روح وروان انسان وجامعه ، مبحث مثبت اندیششی وخوش بینی از اهمیت وجایگاه والایی برخوردار است . در این مجال با توشه گیری از منابع اسلامی به مؤلفه های خوش بینی که شامل توجه انتخابی ( توجه به ابعاد مختلف زندگی انسان مانند توجه مثبت به خدا ، وجهان ، افراد جامعه واجتماع و...) ، وانتظار مثبت (باور داشتن به کمک خدا و وقوع رویدادهای خوشایند وعملکرد درست از سوی دیگران وآینده ای روشن ) می باشد ، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است . سپس آثار ونتایج خوش بیتی در فرد وجامعه از جمله : دستیابی به موفقیت ونیز موانع خوش بینی ومثبت اندیشی ، ضرورت از سوء ظن ، حسد و بخل تبیین گشته ومورد تأکید قرار گرفته است. برای رسیدن بدین هدف ابتدا مفهوم شناسی مثبت اندیشی در اسلام و سپس تحکیم آن بر روابط اجتماعی با تاکید بر منابع اسلامی است. پژوهش حاضر به شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی تبیین مثبت اندیشی از نگاه قران ونهج البلاغه ، انتتظاراتی که از فرد مثبت اندیش می رود در روابط اجتماعی ، آثار ونتایج مثبت در موفقیت انسان بیشتر با الهام از آموزه های قرآن کریم واهل بیت (ع) و منابع اسلامی بررسی می شود . https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_915.html This article examines the role of words in cognitive operations and their impact on deep understanding and the transfer of concepts in Nahjul-Balaghah. Focusing on the word “oḥall” in Letter 18 of Nahjul-Balaghah, its lexical meaning, synonyms, and various uses are analyzed to demonstrate the importance of careful selection of words in creating cognitive and lasting effects. The results show that “oḥall” in lexical sources refers to the meanings of opening, lifting a ban, opening, allowing, and relaxing, and synonyms such as “أَبَاحَ”, “أَنْزَلَ”, “أَسْقَنَ”, “آوَى”, “یِسْتَضَافَ”, “رَخَّصَ”, “سَوَّغ”, “سَمْح”, “أَتقلَ”, and “فک” have been examined in Nahjul-Balaghah. The correspondence of the uses of these words in Nahjul-Balagha with their lexical and cultural meanings indicates the precision and elegance of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in using words, which play an important role in the impact and effectiveness of moral and educational messages; and it shows the Imam's precision in choosing the four words "saugha", "samha", "atlaq" and "faq" in Nahjul-Balagha as synonyms for the word "ohalal". Also, analyzing the semantic aspects of the word "ohalal" and examining historical and rhetorical examples shows that this word Finally, emphasizing the importance of careful selection of words in conveying deep meanings https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_916.html Man needs education in order to remove obstacles and create requirements to take steps towards absolute perfection. Therefore, due to special creation, man needs special education. And social education is one of the essential dimensions for the education of people in the society. The nature of social education in nahjolbalageh is summarized in human servitude and following divine commands, in order to regulate human relations based on the reform criteria of society. In this research, after dealing with the concepts of social education in nahjolbalageh and examining the goals and principles of social education and the effective fields in the realization of social education, the obstacles facing this social education were investigated. Social education is based on the opinions of hazratAli according to the originality of the society and it aims at education that educates people to be responsible before God and other people and leads to social prosperity. In nahjolbalageh in the discussion of social education, amiralmominin explains the principle of altruism, moderation in actions and responsibility, enjoining good and forbidding evil, and considers the criteria of religion, social traditions, participation and cooperation as the principles of social education, and mentions things such as oppression, bigotry, and division that https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_917.html Resilience, as a key component of individual and social mental health, plays an effective role in strengthening human personality when confronting crises, psychological pressures, and life adversities; a decline in this capacity may lead to behavioral imbalance. Therefore, clarifying religious models related to the concept of resilience is of particular importance. Nahj al-Balagha, as a comprehensive mirror framework for analyzing psychological concepts. Using a descriptive–anal a human building model that provides a suitable framework for analyzing psychological concepts. Using a descriptive–analytical method, the present study examines the personality traits of individuals with low resilience in Nahj al-Balagha and seeks, through identifying these patterns, to promote moral reflection and enhance the psychological capacity of the Islamic community in facing hardships and adversities. The findings indicate that negative reactions to difficulties arising from natural and non natural events reflect a low level of resilience. In Nahj al-Balagha, Imam Ali (peace be upon him) highlights the most significant personality traits of low capacity individuals, including indulgence in carnal desires, arrogance and self conceit, extreme despair, excessive anger, greed, rebellion in times of prosperity, stinginess, ignorance, negligence, impure faith, envy, insufficient patience in the face of difficulties, exaggeration of minor afflictions, backbiting, and haste. https://ayenalavi.whc.ir/article_968.html رابطه والدین و فرزندان و تحلیل تفاوت‌ های نسلی ، از مباحث بنیادین در حوزه‌ های تربیتی ، اخلاقی ، اجتماعی و حقوقی محسوب می‌ شود . تحولات گسترده اجتماعی و فرهنگی معاصر ، موجب افزایش فاصله ادراکی و نگرشی میان نسل‌ ها شده و شناخت صحیح جایگاه پدر و فرزندی و حقوق و تکالیف متقابل آنان از اهمیت و ضرورت ویژه ای برخوردار گردیده است . بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین تفاوت نگرش نسل پدر و فرزند، به این مهم از دیدگاه نهج البلاغه، به‌ویژه در نامه 31، پرداخته است . این نوشتار با تکیه بر روش توصیفی _ تحلیلی نشان می دهد که از منظر امام علی (ع) تفاوت نسل ها در درک واقعیت‌ های زندگی و میزان تجربه زیسته ریشه دارد ؛ به این معنا که پدر با مواجهه مستقیم با ناپایداری دنیا و تغییرات زمانه به واقع‌ بینی رسیده ، در حالی که فرزند همچنان در گستره آرزوها و امیدهای آینده سیر می‌کند . افزون بر این ، بررسی ها نشان‌ دهنده جایگاه برجسته حق والدین، به‌ ویژه پدر، در نظام حقوقی و اخلاقی اسلام است؛ به‌گونه‌ای که نیکی، اطاعت، احترام و محبت فرزند نسبت به والدین به‌عنوان تکالیفی بنیادی تلقی شده است.